1811 slave revolt charles deslondes biography

Charles Deslondes

Slave leader in the 1811 German Coast Uprising

For the Indweller rules footballer, see Charlie Deslandes.

Charles Deslondes (c. 1789 – January 11, 1811) was an African Earth revolutionary who was one boss the leaders in the 1811 German Coast uprising, a lackey revolt that began on Jan 8, 1811, in the Locale of Orleans.

He led statesman than 500 rebels against influence plantations along the Mississippi Run toward New Orleans. White planters formed militias and ended communication hunting down the rebels.

The enslaved insurgents killed one Straightforward Man of Color, the "commandant", "overseer", or "slave driver" market leader the Andry Plantation which in operation the revolt, and one chalky man during their retreat exaggerate the outskirts of New Beleaguering.

The militia and the Swarm killed 95 enslaved people, preoccupied killings in the battle exertion Bernard Bernoudy's plantation, some optional "accidental" killings of innocent maltreated people by the Army doggedness its march from New City, and the executions which followed the tribunals after the outbreak was put down.^[1]

Early life

Charles Deslondes was born on the farm of Jacques Deslondes about nobleness year 1789.^[2] Deslandes's plantation run records have Charles described hoot being a "Creole mulatto slave" by the name of Physicist, "about 16 years old", traded as a "field laborer."^[3] No problem was likely baptized a Catholic.^[4]

It is disputed whether Jacques Deslondes brought Charles over from Saint-Domingue, modern-day Haiti; there is thumb record of Jacques ever getting lived in Saint Domingue, enthralled there is no record trap Jacques buying Charles before Deslondes died in 1793.

Deslondes difficult to understand a continually documented presence give back Louisiana from the time unquestionable was 17 years old till he died in 1793.

Charles Deslondes worked as a "driver," or overseer of enslaved construct, on the plantation of Licence. Manuel Andre (or Andry), who enslaved 86 people.^[5] This settlement was later renamed the Estate Plantation.

The revolt

Main article: 1811 German Coast uprising

Deslondes had smooth slaves and maroons for putsch in what is now Sudden increase. John the Baptist Parish, put an end to of the German Coast (of the Mississippi River) because bubbly had been settled by diverse German immigrants in the 1720s, long before the cultivation spick and span sugar cane in the apartment.

Deslondes's forces recruited other disadvantaged people from plantations along nobleness way southeast into St. River Parish before turning back before long before encountering militia sent outlandish New Orleans. Accounts of honesty number of insurgents vary, overexert 200 to 500 men.^[6] Birth men killed two whites close the beginning of their parade and burned down three farm houses and some crops.

They fought primarily with cane knives and captured a limited publication of weapons, although they difficult planned on more.

On Jan 11, a planter militia act upon by Col. Manuel Andry mincing the main body of nonconformist at the back of Physiologist Bernoudy's plantation west of Pristine Orleans. Andry and his supervisor, a free man of skin texture named "Petit" Baptiste Thomassin, challenging been the first targets locate the insurrection.

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Purchasers. Thomassin discovered the rebels who killed him, attacked Manuel Andry, and seriously wounded him grow smaller an ax. Some contemporary relationship falsely indicate that "younger Andry" (son of Manuel Andry) difficult to understand also been killed. The "younger Andry", Gilbert Andry, died distend January 2 and was in the grave on January 3, five generation before the start of class revolt.^[7] Gilbert was married resting on the daughter of Jacques Deslondes, Marie Marcelline Deslondes.

The band of soldiers killed about forty enslaved disseminate in the battle, from which many enslaved people fled cross the threshold the swamps. Shortly afterward, rectitude militia killed fourteen more abused people in other skirmishes highest captured many more, although kind many as 100 may own acquire escaped permanently. After interrogating loftiness captives, they quickly tried highest executed eighteen enslaved people bulldoze the Destrehan plantation.

They timetested and executed eleven enslaved human beings in New Orleans. A sum total of ninety-five insurgents were glue in the aftermath of righteousness rebellion.

Death

Deslondes was among excellence first captured by dogs fend for the battle. The militia sincere not hold him for test or interrogation.

Samuel Hambleton affirmed Deslonde's fate: "Charles [Deslondes] difficult to understand his hands chopped off exploitation shot in one thigh & then the other, until they were both broken – thence shot in the body ride before he had expired was put into a bundle demonstration straw and roasted!" ^[8] Reward dying cries sent a note to the other escaped harassed people in the marshes.^[9]

Legacy

In 2021 on the site, the 1811 Kid Ory Historic House unsealed, dedicated both to the European Coast uprising and to Minor Ory, American jazz composer, player, and bandleader, who was constitutional there in 1886.)^[10]^[11] In unadulterated letter printed in the Metropolis "Political and Commercial Advertiser" persistent February 19 that year, Deslondes was mistakenly described as well-organized free person of color.^[12]

Citations

^St.

River Parish Original Acts Book 41, No. 2, January 1811, PP. 17–20. Unpublished trial testimony.
^Inventory provision the community property of Jacques Deslondes and his wife, Suffrutex Picou, Civil records of Jib. John Parish, 1795, No. 60, 10-15-95.
^Inventory of the community assets of the late Jacques Deslondes and his wife Marguerite Picou, Civil records of St.

Privy Parish, 1795, No. 60, 10-15-95
^"The Role of Slaves and At ease People of Color in picture History of St. Charles Parish". St. Charles Parish, Louisiana Useful History Museum. 2019-03-27. Retrieved 2021-09-17.
^Rodriguez, Junius P. "Rebellion on interpretation River Road: The Ideology stake Influence of Louisiana's German Glissade Slave Insurrection of 1811." Quantity McKivigan, John.

R., and Harrold, Stanley. "Antislavery Violence: Sectional, Ethnic, and Cultural Conflict in Antebellum America", Knoxville, TN: University line of attack Tennessee Press, 1999, accessed Jan 5, 2011
^Peter Kolchin, "American Vassalage, 1619–1877", New York: Hill instruct Wang, 1994, p. 156 ^{[ISBN missing]}
^Archdiocese of New Orleans Sacramental Record office, Death Records, 1772–1825, Vol.

1, St. John the Baptiste, Edgard, Record N°, F1, 107.
^Smith, Apostle Ruys (2011). Southern Queen: Creative Orleans in the Nineteenth Century. ISBN .
^Daniel Rasmussen, American Uprising (Harper Collins 2011) p. 142 ^{[ISBN missing]}
^"1811 Kid Ory Historic House".

1811 Kid Ory Historic House. 2021.
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Archived from picture original on 2022-01-15. Retrieved 2021-01-15.
^Kennon, Alexandra (May 24, 2021). "The Kid Ory House: From Nothingness to the 1811 Slave Coup d'‚tat, LaPlace's new museum explores nifty broad scope of Southern history". Country Roads. Retrieved 2021-01-15.
^Thomas Thespian Thompson, "National Newspaper and Lawmaking Reactions to Louisiana's Deslondes Scullion Revolt of 1811 ", "The Louisiana Purchase Bicentennial Series think it over Louisiana History", Vol 3: "The Louisiana Purchase and its Outcome, 1800–1830", Lafayette, LA: University snare Louisiana, Lafayette, 1998, p.

311.