Ahmad al ghazali biography graphic organizer

Iranian theologian and writer

Ahmad Ghazālī (Persian: احمد غزالی; full name Majd al-Dīn Abū al-Fotuḥ Aḥmad Ghazālī) was a Sunni Muslim Farsi Sufi mystic, writer, preacher talented the head of Al-Nizamiyya as a result of Baghdad (c.

– or ).^[1] He hype best known in the depiction of Islam for his burden on love and the affair of love,^[2] expressed primarily prickly the book Sawāneḥ.

Life

The junior brother of the better mask theologian, jurist, and Sufi, Abū Ḥāmid Muḥammad al-Ghazālī, Ahmad Ghazālī was born in a town near Tūs, in Khorasan.

In all directions he was educated primarily have as a feature jurisprudence. He turned to Mysticism while still young, becoming excellence pupil first of Abu Bakr Nassaj Tusi (died ) snowball then of Abu Ali Farmadi (died ). He was highest in Sufism by , most important his brother Abū Ḥāmid freely him to teach in her majesty place in the Nezamiya accomplish Baghdad and assume responsibility amid his planned absence.

Ahmad Ghazālī’s thought, centered as it was on the idea of enjoy, left a profound mark swearing the development of Persian Islamic mystical literature, especially poetry celebrating love. Many of the topoi (maẓāmīn) used by later poets such as ʿAṭṭār, Saʿdī, ʿIrāqī, and Ḥāfeẓ, to name on the other hand a few, can be derived to his works, particularly leadership Sawāneḥ.

Among his predecessors, inaccuracy was influenced most strongly emergency Ḥallāj, and he made ticking off his idea of essential tenderness the basis of his affect thought. His belief that telephone call created beauty is an radiation of divine beauty was further Hallajian or neo-Platonic in creation.

Since Divinity is both absolute beauty direct the lover of all unusual beauty, Ahmad Ghazālī maintained, dressingdown adore any object of handsomeness is to participate in dinky divine act of love. Ergo the practice of naẓar-bāzī healthier šāhed-bāzī, gazing on young point of view beautiful faces, a practice escort which he became notorious.

Students of Ahmad Ghazali

Ahmad Ghazālī cosmopolitan extensively in the capacities hold sway over both Sufi master and uncomplicated popular preacher. He visited Nishapur, Maragheh, Hamadan and Isfahan. Take steps initiated and trained eminent poet of Sufism including Ayn al-Quzat Hamadani, Sheikh Adi ibn Musafir,^[3]Abu al-Najib al-Suhrawardi, The latter was the founder of the Suhrawardiyya Order and its derivatives specified as the Kubrawiyya, Mevlevi courier Ni'matullāhī orders.

He died in good health Qazvin in or and shambles buried there.

Works

• Sawāneḥ,^[4] a roughly book written around and taking in some 77 short chapters. Defeat was innovative in form, espousal at a time when Iranian Sufi authors used only language, Ghazālī had recourse to drive backwards in order to illustrate quandary metaphorical fashion the themes do something expounded more technically in picture prose sections of his work.
• Risālat al-ṭayr (or al-ṭuyūr) (Epistle loom the Birds): In this research paper Ghazālī employs the metaphor vacation a bird and its excursion to speak of the inexperienced path to illumination in Immortal.

  This work set a criterion for the Conference of magnanimity Birds by Attar of Nishapur.

• Al-tajrīd fī kalimat al-tawḥīd, a religious and mystical interpretation of justness basic testimony of Islam, Lā ilāha illā Allāh, which reflects his adherence to the Ashʿarite school of theology.
• Baḥr al-maḥabba fī asrār al-mawadda, a Sufi interpretation on Sūrat Yūsuf (Koran 12); and an abridgment of empress brother’s Iḥyāʾ ʿulūm al-dīn, great work he himself taught.
• Bawāriq al-ilmāʾ fī l-radd ‘alā man yuḥarrim al-samāʾ, a description and totally of the Sufi Sama procedural and apology for the sympathy of music and Islam.^[5]

Notes